Brain learns to specifically block out distractions
The researchers used EEG measurements on 24 test subjects to investigate how visual processing changes when disturbing stimuli repeatedly appear in the same place. This showed that the brain learns over time to attenuate conspicuous stimuli, such as a different coloured shape in the image field, in the very first moments of visual processing. The test subjects were able to recognise target objects faster and more reliably when stimuli appeared at known positions. Processing of the target stimuli themselves was also reduced when they were placed in locations where distracting stimuli were previously frequently seen. These results indicate that the brain not only reacts to more distracting stimuli, but also controls attention more efficiently by recognising them. How this learning mechanism works in everyday life is still unclear. However, the researchers believe it is conceivable that, for example, a standardised street scene or familiar road guidance could have a positive effect on attention and safety.
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